Physical Therapy & Treatment Exercises For Golfer’s Elbow
Interesting Facts About Golfer’s Elbow
Golfer’s elbow, also known as medial epicondylitis, is a condition that describes pain on the inner aspect of the elbow (medial epicondyle) mainly affecting the common flexor tendon. The pain can spread down to the forearm and wrist and sometimes proximally to the arm. Pain usually develops gradually over time, and eventually strength may be compromised interfering with activities of daily living.
What Causes Golfer’s Elbow?
Golfer’s elbow is caused by the constant repetitive stress on the common flexors’ tendon located on the inner aspect of the elbow. The two muscles which are more likely to be involved are the pronator teres and the flexor carpi radialis. Besides that, using exaggerated force on simple tasks like gripping too hard or long term use of bad techniques in lifting or throwing may also contribute to the condition.
During the initial stage, inflammation may be present, causing localised swelling and pain to the area. However, as the condition worsens, degeneration changes of the common flexor tension take place. During this stage, inflammation may or may not be present.
Signs & Symptoms Of Golfer’s Elbow
- Localised pain on the inner aspect of the elbow
- Pain on the wrist flexor muscles
- Pain with movements, especially performing gripping tasks or making a fist
- Stiffness on the elbow
- General weakness in hand and arm
- Numbing or tingling sensation in the ring and little finger
Golfer’s elbow can usually be managed with non surgical options including physical therapy or treatment exercises recommended by a licensed physiotherapist. Early intervention is recommended to better manage the pain and prevent the condition from worsening.
Physiotherapy Management For Golfer’s Elbow
During the acute stage, avoid carrying out activities which trigger the pain, and allow the tendon to rest and heal. Electrotherapy such as ultrasound and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) will be used to help with the healing process and pain management. Application of Kinesio tape on the forearm and elbow can also be done to relieve some stress on the tendon and the medial epicondyle.
Concurrently, stretching and eccentric strengthening of the common flexor muscles will be recommended as part of your Golfer’s elbow treatment plan. Extensive research has proven the benefits of eccentric muscle training on degenerative muscles as it is more effective in reducing pain. Eccentric exercises also enhance the mechanical properties of the degenerative tendon, improving its durability and strength. The muscle is being lengthened during an eccentric contraction.
Our physiotherapists will also provide ideas for realistic workplace modification and suggestions to prevent the recurrence of the condition. This includes lifting with the wrist in a neutral position, taking rests, or alternating between tasks to avoid overstressing of the muscles.
Find out more about our physiotherapy treatments in our FAQs.
Frequently Asked Questions About Golfer’s Elbow
Does physiotherapy work for golfer's elbow?
Yes, physiotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for golfer’s elbow. It can help alleviate pain, enhance flexibility, and strengthen the muscles and tendons surrounding the elbow. Treatment options may involve manual therapy, stretching, strengthening exercises, and modifications to daily activities. A physiotherapist will also guide you on how to prevent the condition from returning.
What triggers a golfer’s elbow?
Golfer’s elbow is usually triggered by overuse or repetitive stress on the forearm muscles that attach to the inner side of the elbow. Common activities that can cause it include:
- Repetitive gripping or lifting
- Playing sports like golf or tennis
Using tools or typing for long hours without proper rest
Poor technique or lack of warm-up can also increase the risk.
How long does it take golfer’s elbow to heal?
Healing time depends on how severe the condition is and how soon treatment starts. With proper care, mild to moderate golfer’s elbow can improve within 6 to 8 weeks. More severe or long-standing cases may take 3 to 6 months to fully recover. Regular physiotherapy, rest, and consistent home exercises can speed up the healing process.
Which exercises should I avoid if I have golfer’s elbow?
When you have golfer’s elbow, avoid:
- Heavy lifting or gripping objects tightly
- Wrist curls or resistance training that strains the forearm
- Push-ups and pull-ups (until cleared by your physiotherapist)
- Sports or activities that caused the injury
These movements can worsen the inflammation. Stick to gentle stretching and strengthening until your therapist advises otherwise.
How to sleep with a golfer’s elbow?
To sleep comfortably with golfer’s elbow:
- Avoid sleeping with your elbow bent tightly or under your head.
- Try to keep your arm straight or slightly bent using a pillow for support.
- An elbow brace worn at night can help ease strain and promote healing.
Proper positioning reduces pressure on the affected tendons and can ease pain while you sleep.
How can I tell if my elbow pain is serious?
You should see a healthcare professional if:
- The pain is severe or continues for several days.
- You have swelling, numbness, or tingling in the arm
- There is loss of strength or difficulty gripping objects
- The pain is affecting your daily activities or sleep
Early assessment can prevent the condition from worsening and help you recover faster.
How to fix a golfer’s elbow?
To treat golfer’s elbow effectively:
- Rest the arm and avoid activities that cause pain
- Use ice during the early stages to help reduce inflammation.
- Begin physiotherapy to stretch and strengthen the forearm muscles.
- Use elbow supports or braces if recommended
- Improve posture and technique during sports or repetitive work
With consistent treatment and proper guidance, most people recover without needing surgery.
